€1.5m under the valuation: Hayao Kawabe moved to Sanf. Hiroshima at 0.70× his market price

Sanf. Hiroshima paid €3.5m for Hayao Kawabe. The market value recorded against him at the time was €5.0m. The difference is €1.5m, and the ratio is 0.70×.

Of the 13 deals into the J1 League in 2024/25 where both a fee and a valuation are on record, 7 were done at a higher multiple than this one — 54% of them. That is what makes this price ordinary or unusual: its own league, its own season, not a feeling about the player.

A market value is the market's estimate, not a price tag, and a club paying above or below one is doing business, not making a mistake. What the gap measures is how far this club's read sat from the consensus — nothing about how the player performs next.

Transfer record, fees and market values: ACTUAL TRANSFER MARKET (actualtransfermarket.com). Analysis: ACTUAL SPORT INTELLIGENCE.